Script started on Wed Sep 24 17:18:48 2025
macbook:programs> cd C_ch6
macbook:C_ch6> grep OUT *.c
count_words.c:#define OUT 0
count_words.c:    state = OUT;
count_words.c:            state = OUT;
count_words.c:        else if (state == OUT) {
macbook:C_ch6> cat count_words.c
#include <stdio.h>
#define IN 1
#define OUT 0
int main () {
    int c, nl, nw, nc, state ;
    state = OUT;
    nl = nw = nc = 0;

    while ((c = getchar()) != EOF) {
        ++nc;
        if (c == '\n')
            nl++;
        if (c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\t')
            state = OUT;
        else if (state == OUT) {
            state = IN;
            ++nw;
        }
    }
    printf("%d %d %d\n",nc, nw, nl);
    return 0; }

macbook:C_ch6> echo attendance code 810
attendance code 810
macbook:C_ch6> gcc count_words.c       
macbook:C_ch6> ls *txt
example_file.txt	example_file2.txt
macbook:C_ch6> cat example_file2.txt 
abcdefghi
xyz
macbook:C_ch6> ./a.out < example_file2.txt
14 2 2
macbook:C_ch6> echo "one two three four" > ex1.txt
macbook:C_ch6> echo "one, two, three, four" > ex2.txt
macbook:C_ch6> echo "one,two, three ,four" > ex3.txt 
macbook:C_ch6> ./a.out < ex1.txt
19 4 1
macbook:C_ch6> ./a.out < ex2.txt
22 4 1
macbook:C_ch6> cat ex3.txt | ./a.out
21 3 1
macbook:C_ch6> echo " one two three four " > ex4.txt 
macbook:C_ch6> ./a.out < ex4.txt 
21 4 1
macbook:C_ch6> echo " one  two  three  four " > ex5.txt
macbook:C_ch6> ./a.out < ex5.txt                       
24 4 1
macbook:C_ch6> echo " one  two                            three  fo three  four " > ex6.txt
macbook:C_ch6> echo " one  6.txtut < ex5.txt                       
69 4 1
macbook:C_ch6> echo "! : ;;;; ,,,," > ex7.txt    
macbook:C_ch6> ./a.out < ex7.txt
14 4 1
macbook:C_ch6> vi short_circuit.txt
macbook:C_ch6> cat short_circuit.txt 

if (true || false)    -->   true
if (true || true)     -->   true

short circuit eval means that we don't have to check the second condition
when the first is true with an OR


if (false && false)    -->   false
if (false && true)     -->   false

short circuit eval means that we don't have to check the second condition
when the first is false with an AND


where this comes in handy:

if ((i < ARRAY_LENGTH) && (myarray[i] == some_value))



macbook:C_ch6> exit

Saving session...
...saving history...truncating history files...
...completed.
Deleting expired sessions...none found.

Script done on Wed Sep 24 18:37:42 2025