110101010111101101010100101010111
1 1010 1010 1111 0110 1010 1001 0101 0111
0001 1010 1010 1111 0110 1010 1001 0101 0111
 1    A    A    F    6    A    9    5    7   
1AAF6A957   


0000 0
0001 1
0010 2
0011 3
0100 4
0101 5
0110 6 
0111 7
1000 8
1001 9 
1010 A
1011 B
1100 C
1101 D
1110 E
1111 F

A6CA
A    6    C    A
1010 0110 1100 1010 
1010011011001010 

--------------

unsigned ints

0000 0
0001 1
0010 2
0011 3
0100 4
0101 5
0110 6 
0111 7
1000 8
1001 9 
1010 10
1011 11
1100 12
1101 13
1110 14
1111 15


--------------

signed ints

0000 0
0001 1
0010 2
0011 3
0100 4
0101 5
0110 6 
0111 7
1000 -8 
1001 -7 
1010 -6 
1011 -5 
1100 -4
1101 -3 
1110 -2  
1111 -1

 1100    carry
  0101    5
+ 1110   -2
-------
  0011    3


---------

unsigned ints

0000 0
0001 1
0010 2
0011 3
0100 4
0101 5
0110 6       0x2^3 +  1x2^2 + 1x2^1 + 0x2^0 = 0x8 + 1x4 + 1x2 + 0x1 = 4 + 2
0111 7
1000 8
1001 9 
1010 10
1011 11
1100 12
1101 13
1110 14
1111 15


--------------